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fire resistance rating — степень огнестойкости;

calculation — расчёт, прогноз;

listing service — опись, статистические данные;

fire resistance property — огнестойкость;

lintel — перемычка (над проёмом окна или двери);

beam — балка, брус, перекладина;

finishing — обработка, отделка;

specimen — образец, экземпляр;

bearing — несущий, опорный;

heat transmission criteria — критерии теплопередачи;

structural collapse characteristics — параметры обрушения конст­рукции;

salvage — спасение имущества (при пожаре);

structural integrity — прочность конструкции;

to evaluate — оценивать, определять;

to sustain — выдерживать, справляться;

equivalent thickness — примерная толщина, плотность;

actual thickness — фактическая толщина, плотность;

solid unit— цельная деталь (конструкции);

grouted — залитый раствором, цементом;

required web dimensions — зд. первоначальные размеры конст­рукции.

Flire resistance rating is determined by

· calculation;

· listing service;

· testing.

[The calculation is based on researches establishing a connection between materials properties and fire resistance.]⁰

[The listing service concerns unit size, shape, mix design, ingre­dients, and even manufacture plants.]⁰

[The testing covers fire resistance rating of masonry assemblies (walls, columns, lintels, and beams); fire protection for steel columns, plaster and drywall finishing, and such components as clay or shale.]⁰

The method is not common because of time expenditures to build, cure, and test specimens.

The calculation covers

• resistance to the transmission of high temperature through the wall assembly,

• resistance to the passage of hot gases through the wall sufficient to ignite cotton waste,

• load carrying capacity of load bearing walls, and

• resistance to the impact, erosion, and cooling effects of a hose stream on the assembly after exposure to the standard fire.

[The fire Resistance, rating is governed by the heat transmission criteria and is preferable to structural collapse characteristics from the standpoint of life safety and salvage ability for firefighters.]⁰

Fire testing evaluates the ability to carry design loads and the structural integrity under test conditions. [Fire testing of concrete ma­sonry beams and lintels evaluates the ability to sustain design loads under standard conditions by insuring that the temperature does not exceed 593°C during the rating period.]⁰

It is important to set up a relationship between the fire resistance and equivalent solid thickness if the same masonry amount in a hol­low unit is equal to the actual thickness.

The equivalent thickness of a 100% solid unit or a solid grouted unit is identical to actual purposes. For partially grouted walls where unfilled cells are left empty, the equivalent thickness for the fire resis­tance rating purposes is that of an ungrouted unit.

Load bearing units are obtainable for 100% solid units, 75% hol­low units meeting required web dimensions.

(1 730 п.зн.)

flammable (adj.) (А) 1) rapid combustion in which a substance burns, producing heat, light, and flame; 2) burn­ing which causes destruction and is out of control

sprinkler (n) (B) easily set on fire

extinguish (v) (C) to make a fire or light stop burning or shin- ing

fire (n) (D) not damaged or affected by something

disaster (n) (E) to get away from dangerous situation that is

likely to harm you if you do not leave

escape (danger) (F) a sudden event such as flood, storm, or acci- (v) dent to cause great damage or suffering

evacuate (v) (G) the act of starting to burn, or making some­

thing do it

ignition (n) (H) to empty a dangerous place by making all

people leave and sending them to a safe place

resistant (adj.) (I) a piece of equipment with holes that is on a ceiling and scatters water if there is a fire

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